Sacituzumab govitecan is the active component in Trodelvy. It consists of two active components: a monoclonal antibody and a specific type of protein. It is linked to the small molecule SN-38. The monoclonal antibody was designed to recognize and bind to Trop-2, a protein in many breast cancer cells. When attached, the cell consumes the drug, where SN-38 becomes active. Cancer drugs classified as "topoisomerase inhibitors" include SN-38. It blocks an enzyme called topoisomerase I from copying the DNA of cells, which is required for the formation of new cells. When the enzyme is inhibited, cancer cells cannot divide and die. The resulting DNA damage causes apoptosis and cell death.
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