Politics is the process of making collective decisions in bands, groups, or some other kinds of political power relations between individuals, like the distribution of communal goods or status among them Neal Kwatra. The branch of academic research that research politics prolifically is known as science. The scope of political science encompasses the whole globe because political systems are observed in all of the countries of the world. Politics has its roots in the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations; it was then that the idea of democracy arose. It was under the influence of Socrates, who argued for the liberty of citizens from political servitude. He also added that there should be some interference by the state in people's governmental actions.

Ancient Greek and Romans had created numerous political associations. These associations gave way into the classical polities of the contemporary world. But, classical political systems were composed of highly complex political systems. They were characterized by strong states, which were protected by the gods.

These strong nations often initiated and fostered the growth of complex political systems. On the other hand, the growth of these political institutions was hindered by a lack of accurate demographic information. In the lack of reliable census documents, the people wasn't able to ascertain the eligibility of individuals to participate in political life. In addition, the growth of political systems had been accompanied by deep religious conflicts. It was during this time that the idea of universal citizenship emerged.

The concept of political citizenship highlights human rights and entitlements to political life. This right is suspended in the right of each person to self-government or autonomy, derived from the Greek term Democrats. This notion, however, did not gain widespread support within the Greek communities. It was later adopted by the Roman states to ensure equal rights to men based on their ethnicity or gender. Afterwards during the medieval era, the concept of equal political rights was linked to the institution of slavery, which severely limited the rights of black citizens.

The growth of the European political systems throughout the Renaissance laid the basis for the creation of the modern country. At the time, most of the European nations were comprised of several petty governmental units. Political power was decentralized, with various princes exercising rule over distinct political realms. The only type of political association that existed was the feudal state, in which the judgment prince functioned as the supreme political authority. Feudalism essentially destroyed all forms of participatory politics and centralized political systems.

In the period subsequent to the Renaissance, fresh constitutional systems were invented to replace the prior political structures. Renaissance monarchies were replaced by hereditary kings and aristocracy, both of whom enjoyed absolute political power. Throughout the mid-ages, complete power was moved from the complete monarchs into the hereditary kings. The major political transformations during this time period also included the introduction of new legislation to protect minorities, who were either Christians or Muslims, and also to protect property rights of their serfs (peasants). With the developments in Europe's history, political systems eventually developed in a manner that is widely accepted now as a representative government, constitutional monarchies, and representative parliament.