The change in weather, especially when it turns cold, is one of the common factors that increase the risk of respiratory diseases. When symptoms appear, it is necessary to examine and treat promptly to prevent dangerous complications.

1. Cold weather increases the risk of respiratory diseases
Respiratory diseases include lower respiratory tract diseases. In which: Diseases of the upper respiratory tract can be mentioned such as influenza, sinusitis, laryngitis, ... diseases of the lower respiratory tract such as bronchitis, pneumonia, ...

Keep warm to prevent respiratory diseases

Keep warm to prevent respiratory diseases

The main cause of upper respiratory tract disease is a virus and the main treatment is symptomatic treatment. Specifically, patients need to eat and drink enough, rest, take pain relievers, reduce fever. If the infection is viral but causes additional bacterial superinfection, the doctor may prescribe additional antibiotics. Complications caused by respiratory diseases, especially lower respiratory tract diseases, are very dangerous and patients need to be hospitalized for early treatment.

When the weather changes, especially when it gets cold, the immune system will work less than usual, especially in the case of the elderly and young children. Moreover, in erratic weather conditions, cold viruses will develop and easily attack the respiratory tract.

Because it is cold, we often tend to stay indoors, closed. However, this will make the air cramped, have poor circulation and create favorable conditions for microorganisms to exist, multiply and cause disease.

Moreover, in the cold season, especially in the northern provinces of our country, the day is usually shorter than the night, the number of hours of sunshine in the day also decreases, even there are times when there is no sunshine for many days in a row. God. Meanwhile, sunlight is an important factor to effectively kill microorganisms. Thus, it can be said that, in the winter, when the sunlight is less, the microorganisms will be more active and easier to cause diseases.

2. Common respiratory diseases
2.1. Diseases of the upper respiratory tract
- Influenza: Caused by the influenza virus and is often divided into influenza A, influenza B and influenza C types. When an infected person talks, sneezes can spread to the opposite person. Without timely preventive measures can easily cause a pandemic. Schools, kindergartens, mass organizations, amusement parks, ... are places where people gather and have a high risk of infection. When it gets cold, respiratory cells are vulnerable and increase the risk of disease.

Nasal congestion is a common symptom of respiratory diseases

Nasal congestion is a common symptom of respiratory diseases

Some symptoms of the flu can include:

+ Fever.

+ Headache and muscle pain.

+ Runny nose.

Cough, sore throat.

+ Tired body .

Some gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, ...

- Sinusitis: Occurs when the lining lining the sinuses is edematous, narrows the sinus openings, and accumulates mucus and pus. It is usually caused by bacteria or an allergy.

Here are some common symptoms:

Pain in the inflamed sinus area.

+ Drainage down the nose or down the throat depending on the location of the sinusitis. The discharge may be white, green, or yellow in color and may have a very unpleasant odor.

Nasal congestion, shortness of breath, irritability and fatigue.

+ Inability to distinguish odors due to damage to the olfactory nerves.

+ Besides, the patient also has some symptoms such as fever, dizziness when leaning forward, pain around the eye area, pain when sneezing, loss of appetite, ...

Laryngitis: It can be caused by bacteria , viruses or fungi. Some of the symptoms are as follows:

+ In children: Fever, cough, hoarseness, wheezing, ... At night the symptoms will be easier.

+ In adults: Some symptoms can include fatigue, chills, low-grade fever, hoarseness or loss of voice, cough, difficulty swallowing, etc.

2.2. Diseases of the lower respiratory tract
- Bronchitis: Some of the symptoms of the disease are as follows:

Cough: May have dry cough or cough with phlegm.

Fever or no fever.

Sputum discharge that is green, yellow or white.

+ Wheezing.

The disease can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person or through sharing personal items with an infected person.

Bronchiolitis: Most cases of bronchiolitis are caused by the syncytial virus (RSV). In cases where the baby is born prematurely or has some resistant health problems, the illness can become more serious and the baby needs to be hospitalized early.

Symptoms are often nonspecific. If you see your child showing the following symptoms, you need to take your child to the doctor as soon as possible:

+ Ho.

High fever or low fever.

+ Runny nose, stuffy nose.

+ Lots of phlegm, green, yellow or white sputum.

Wheezing and rapid breathing.

+ Poor suckling.

Pneumonia is a common disease of the lower respiratory tract

Pneumonia is a common disease of the lower respiratory tract

- Pneumonia: A disease caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and can be seen in both adults and children. Some of the symptoms of the disease may include:

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Chest tightness, difficulty breathing .

+ Tired body.

+ Increased body temperature.

+ Vomiting, diarrhea.

+ For young children: Mothers should take their children to the doctor early if they show symptoms such as fever, stop feeding, shortness of breath, fatigue,...

Wash your hands often to prevent illness

Wash your hands often to prevent illness

The above are common respiratory diseases when the weather turns cold. To prevent illness, you should wear a mask when going out or when in contact with sick people, wash your hands often, clean living space, enhance health care when it is cold by supplementing with adequate nutrients and exercising. sports practice.

If you have unusual symptoms and need to schedule an appointment soon, you can contact the Respiratory Department of MEDLATEC General Hospital at the hotline 1900 56 56 56.