The New Deal refers to a series of economic and social policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939 in response to the Great Depression. These policies aimed to stimulate economic recovery, provide relief to the unemployed and impoverished, and introduce reforms to prevent future economic crises. Here are some key policies and programs associated with the New Deal:

Public Works Programs: The New Deal created numerous public works programs, such as the Works Progress Administration (WPA), Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), and Public Works Administration (PWA). These programs aimed to provide employment opportunities for the unemployed through infrastructure projects, conservation efforts, and construction of public buildings.
New Deal
Financial Reforms: The New Deal introduced various measures to stabilize the banking and financial system. The Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial and investment banking, creating the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to protect bank deposits. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) was established to regulate the stock market and prevent fraud.

Agricultural Programs: The New Deal implemented agricultural policies to address the challenges faced by farmers during the Great Depression. The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) aimed to stabilize farm incomes by reducing crop production and offering subsidies to farmers. The Farm Security Administration (FSA) provided loans and assistance to farmers and implemented rural rehabilitation programs.

Social Security: The Social Security Act of 1935 established the Social Security system, which provided a safety net for retirees, the disabled, and the unemployed. It created a system of old-age pensions, unemployment insurance, and welfare programs.

Labor Reforms: The New Deal introduced several labor reforms to protect workers' rights and improve labor conditions. The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) protected workers' rights to organize and bargain collectively, while the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) established a minimum wage, maximum work hours, and child labor restrictions.

Regulation of Industries: The New Deal implemented regulatory measures to address the excesses and abuses that contributed to the Great Depression. The Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act introduced regulations on the stock market and securities trading. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created to provide economic development and flood control in the Tennessee Valley region.

Relief Programs: The New Deal introduced various relief programs to provide assistance to those most affected by the Great Depression. These included direct relief payments, job creation programs, and aid to impoverished communities.

The New Deal had a significant impact on the United States, providing immediate relief to millions of Americans, stimulating economic recovery, and shaping the role of the federal government in promoting social welfare and regulating the economy. Many of the policies and programs introduced during the New Deal era continue to have an influence on U.S. economic and social policies to this day.