The terms irrigation and drip irrigation can be used interchangeably. Drip irrigation is the term used to describe an individual emitter or suspension crop emitter. Partial irrigation is the broadest term used to include all types of small discharge devices, including individual emitters, transverse landscapes, spray strokes and water sprinklers. All these devices were developed to distribute water to small crop areas, which are often distributed to individual plants.

Micro-conduit systems have very small openings called emitters and are designed to drain water at a rate known to the working pressure. Each emitter has different sensitivity to pressure changes and water quality. For proper operation, 150-200 mesh water filtration are required. Most emitters operate at pressures between 8 and 20 psi, with 0.5 to 2.0 gallons per minute for individual emitters and 0.5 to 1.5 gallons per minute for cauterize tubes per 100 feet.

Micro-irrigation systems require more planning than overhead sprinkler systems because emitter systems supply water directly to plant roots systems. Cropping affects the selection of the emitter system. There are several types of emitters that meet specific needs.

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