The circulatory system in our body is intricately designed where our heart has a huge role to play. The valves of this organ allow nutrient-rich blood to flow through the chambers. Hence, the aortic valve directs blood to the rest of the body. It closes entirely after doing so to avoid reverse blood flow. 

When things go wrong with it, there is an obstruction in blood circulation. This causes the heart muscles to work harder. As a result, you have trouble breathing, decreased ability, pain, tightness, loss of consciousness, abnormal heart sounds, etc. In such cases, doctors recommend replacement surgery. Knowing how it works helps get by the process smoothly. 

Conditions: Two common things happen when valves malfunction. It involves irregular circulatory function or repulse action. For instance, due to improved closing, blood flows back to the heart. This is called valvular regurgitation. Depending on the severity, you require either monitoring or replacement surgery. 

Another possibility is the valve's thickening or stiffening, causing it to open incompletely. This is known as valvular aortic stenosis. It disrupts the normal functioning of the pumping organ. So, doctors commonly recommend a replacement for this condition.  

Treatment: In case of mild symptoms, doctors start by monitoring and doing regular follow-up. If the conditions get worse, additional imaging tests are conducted. The treatment plan gets prepared accordingly. However, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a widely accepted surgery. It is a minimally intrusive method that uses a non-surgical approach. 

Preparation: You must undergo blood tests, chest X-Ray, electrocardiogram, physical exam, etc., before the surgery. Inform the doctor about your medication regime. Stop eating or drinking eight to 12 hours ahead of the surgery. If you smoke, let the doctor know and follow their advice on the same. Be sure to disclose any crucial details to avoid complications. 

Risks: The aortic valve replacement is like other open-heart surgeries. Hence, it is not devoid of risks. You are likely to experience bleeding, blood clots, infection, kidney problems, stroke, irregular heartbeats. Contact the doctor if they persist for longer or post-recovery. This helps control any severe implications. 

Recovery: After the operation, you are kept in the intensive care unit for a few days. A tube gets attached for providing nutrition and monitoring during this time. It is followed till you can take regular diet and gain capacity. After observing your recovery, the doctor discharges you in a few days. Even then, proper care and medication are essential. 

Make sure to follow the recommended diet, activities, and wound care diligently. This is crucial for avoiding after-effects. Go for regular blood check-ups, walk around regularly, and resume routine work gradually. Also, look for signs of swelling, irritation or bleeding and inform the doctor about the changes. Following these helps with recovery within a few weeks.