Introduction

Goutis a type of arthritis in which crystals of sodium urate produced by the body can form inside the joints.

Its most common symptom is sudden and severe joint pain along with swelling and redness. It usually affects the big toe, but it can develop in any joint.

Symptoms can rapidly get worse over 6-24 hours and usually last for 3-10 days (sometimes referred to as a gout attack). After this time, the joint will start to feel normal again and any pain or discomfort will eventually disappear completely.

Most people with gout develop further symptoms of gout in the future.

What causes gout? (What causes gout?)

Gout is caused by the accumulation of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product that builds up in the body every day and is mainly excreted by the kidneys. It is made when the body breaks down chemicals in cells called purines.

If you produce too much uric acid or you excrete too little uric acid when you urinate, it tends to build up and small crystals can form in and around the joints.

These hard, needle-shaped crystals form slowly over many years. You wouldn't even know it was happening.

Crystals can cause the following two problems:

Some crystals can spread on the soft lining (synovium) of the joints, which causes the pain and swelling associated with gout.

Some crystals clump together to form hard and slowly growing tophi that can slowly damage joints and nearby bone; This eventually leads to irreversible damage to the joints that causes pain and stiffness when the joints are used.

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